Solder Alloy Properties: SAC
Mechanical, thermal, and fatigue properties of electronic solder alloys — covers Sn63Pb37 (eutectic), Sn60Pb40, SAC305, SAC405, SAC105, SN100C (Sn-Cu-Ni-Ge), Bi58Sn42 low-temperature eutectic, Bi57Sn42Ag1, SnAg3.5, Sn5Pb95 and Sn10Pb90 high-lead, and Au80Sn20. Properties include solidus/liquidus temperatures, tensile strength, shear strength, elongation, elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, hardness, thermal fatigue life (cycles at -40 to 125°C), wettability, and RoHS compliance per IPC J-STD-006C.
| solder family | alloy designation | alloy category | composition nominal | cte ppm per C (ppm/K) | density g cc (g/cm3) | elastic modulus GPa (GPa) | electrical resistivity uOhm cm (uOhm-cm) | elongation pct (%) | fatigue life cycles min (cycles) | fatigue life cycles typical (cycles) | hardness HB (HB) | ipc alloy class | liquidus C (degC) | notes | rohs compliant | shear strength MPa (MPa) | solidus C (degC) | tensile strength MPa (MPa) | thermal conductivity W mK (W/mK) | wettability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAC | SAC105 | lead_free_low_silver | 98.5Sn-1.0Ag-0.5Cu | 22 | 7.32 | 48 | 13.3 | 13 | 1,400 | 2,200 | 13 | J-STD-006 Class 7 | 227 | Low-silver SAC; reduced cost vs SAC305; lower fatigue life; wider liquidus range than SAC305; suited for BGA spheres where lower cost is desired; melting range 215-227°C | yes | 26 | 215 | 40 | 60 | good |
| SAC | SAC305 | lead_free_standard | 96.5Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu | 21 | 7.38 | 51 | 13.2 | 19 | 1,800 | 3,000 | 15 | J-STD-006 Class 7 | 220 | Industry-standard lead-free alloy; recommended by IPC and JEDEC as primary Pb-free replacement; fine Ag3Sn and Cu6Sn5 precipitates strengthen matrix; thermal cycling data per JEDEC JESD22-A104 | yes | 32 | 217 | 50 | 59 | good |
| SAC | SAC405 | lead_free_high_silver | 95.5Sn-4.0Ag-0.5Cu | 20.5 | 7.44 | 52 | 13.2 | 17 | 2,200 | 3,800 | 15 | J-STD-006 Class 7 | 220 | Higher Ag content than SAC305; superior fatigue life in aggressive thermal cycling (-40/125°C); ~50% more reliable than SN100C per CALCE/UMD; higher cost due to Ag; tensile UTS approx 53 MPa | yes | 35 | 217 | 53 | 62 | good |
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