Forging Design Allowances: closed die
fillet radius mm#alloy steel to machining allowance mm#nickel superalloys
Forging process design allowances for closed-die, open-die, ring-rolled, upset, and precision forgings. Covers draft angles (internal and external), fillet and corner radii, web thickness, rib height-to-width ratio, machining allowances, mismatch tolerance, flash extension, straightness tolerance, and dimensional tolerances (plus/minus). Materials include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, copper alloys, and nickel superalloys. Tolerance ranges span small (< 1 kg) to large (> 50 kg) parts. Data per ASM Handbook Vol 14A, FIA Design Guidelines, ASTM A788, ASTM B247, BS EN 10243, AMS 4928.
| forging process | design parameter | material | unit | value max | value min | value typical |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| closed die | fillet radius mm#alloy steel | alloy steel | mm | 10 | 3 | 5 |
| closed die | fillet radius mm#aluminum alloys | aluminum alloys | mm | 8 | 1.5 | 4 |
| closed die | fillet radius mm#carbon steel | carbon steel | mm | 10 | 3 | 5 |
| closed die | fillet radius mm#nickel superalloys | nickel superalloys | mm | 15 | 6 | 8 |
| closed die | fillet radius mm#titanium alloys | titanium alloys | mm | 12 | 3 | 6 |
| closed die | flash extension mm#aluminum alloys | aluminum alloys | mm | 4 | 1 | 2 |
| closed die | flash extension mm#carbon steel | carbon steel | mm | 6 | 1.5 | 3 |
| closed die | machining allowance mm#aluminum alloys | aluminum alloys | mm | 3.2 | 1.6 | 2.4 |
| closed die | machining allowance mm#carbon steel | carbon steel | mm | 4 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
| closed die | machining allowance mm#nickel superalloys | nickel superalloys | mm | 6 | 2.5 | 4 |
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