Measurement Uncertainty: mass_analytical_balance
GUM-compliant measurement uncertainty budget components and coverage factors for common engineering measurements. Covers Type A (statistical) and Type B (non-statistical) uncertainty sources with standard uncertainties, expanded uncertainties at k=2 (95%), and confidence levels for: length/dimension (caliper, micrometer, CMM, gauge block), mass (analytical balance, platform scale), temperature (Type K thermocouple, Pt100 RTD, IR pyrometer), pressure (Bourdon gauge, electronic transducer, liquid manometer), flow (orifice plate, turbine meter, Coriolis, ultrasonic transit-time), electrical (DMM, power analyzer), force (load cell), and torque (torque wrench). Also includes coverage factor reference rows (k=1/2/3, 68/95/99.7%) and distribution divisors (rectangular, triangular, normal, U-shaped). Per ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM), NIST TN 1297, ISO/IEC 17025:2017.
| measurement type | uncertainty source | confidence level pct (%) | coverage factor k | distribution | divisor | expanded uncertainty k2 | expanded uncertainty unit | notes | standard uncertainty unit | standard uncertainty value | uncertainty type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mass_analytical_balance | buoyancy_correction | 95 | 2 | normal | 2 | 0.002 | g | Air buoyancy correction uncertainty: rho_air = 1.2 kg/m3 at 20C 50% RH; density difference for stainless/mass; for 100g sample buoyancy ~0.014 g; uncertainty from air density 10% | g | 0.001 | Type_B |
| mass_analytical_balance | calibration_weights | 95 | 2 | normal | 2 | 0.002 | g | Class E2 calibration weight uncertainty; 1 g E2 weight: U = 0.003 mg; 100 g E2: U = 0.01 mg; typical cal cert expanded uncertainty k=2 | g | 0.001 | Type_B |
| mass_analytical_balance | combined_standard_uncertainty | 95 | 2 | normal | 1 | 0.002 | g | RSS: sqrt(0.0003^2+0.001^2+0.0002^2+0.001^2) approx 0.001 g; U95 = 0.002 g for 1-100g range on analytical balance | g | 0.001 | Combined |
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