Measurement Uncertainty: length_gauge_block
GUM-compliant measurement uncertainty budget components and coverage factors for common engineering measurements. Covers Type A (statistical) and Type B (non-statistical) uncertainty sources with standard uncertainties, expanded uncertainties at k=2 (95%), and confidence levels for: length/dimension (caliper, micrometer, CMM, gauge block), mass (analytical balance, platform scale), temperature (Type K thermocouple, Pt100 RTD, IR pyrometer), pressure (Bourdon gauge, electronic transducer, liquid manometer), flow (orifice plate, turbine meter, Coriolis, ultrasonic transit-time), electrical (DMM, power analyzer), force (load cell), and torque (torque wrench). Also includes coverage factor reference rows (k=1/2/3, 68/95/99.7%) and distribution divisors (rectangular, triangular, normal, U-shaped). Per ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 (GUM), NIST TN 1297, ISO/IEC 17025:2017.
| measurement type | uncertainty source | confidence level pct (%) | coverage factor k | distribution | divisor | expanded uncertainty k2 | expanded uncertainty unit | notes | standard uncertainty unit | standard uncertainty value | uncertainty type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| length_gauge_block | calibration_certificate | 95 | 2 | normal | 2 | 0.0002 | mm | NIST-accredited lab expanded uncertainty for gauge block calibration: U = (0.23+1.0xL) um where L in meters; for 25mm block U=0.23+0.025=0.255 um | mm | 0.0001 | Type_B |
| length_gauge_block | combined_standard_uncertainty | 95 | 2 | normal | 1 | 0.0006 | mm | RSS: sqrt(0.0002^2+0.0001^2+0.0001^2) = 0.000245 mm; U95 = 0.0005 mm; best dimensional reference available in calibration labs | mm | 0.0003 | Combined |
| length_gauge_block | gauge_block_grade | 95 | 2 | rectangular | 1.732 | 0.0004 | mm | Grade 1 gauge block deviation tolerance: 0.00014 mm for 25 mm block per ASME B89.1.9-2002; u = 0.00014/sqrt(3) = 0.00008 mm; reported as 0.0002 mm with wringing film | mm | 0.0002 | Type_B |
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