Space Environment Data: MEO
Orbital environment parameters for spacecraft and satellite design — radiation doses, particle fluxes, atomic oxygen, neutral density, debris/MMOD flux, thermal environment, and geomagnetic field by orbit type and altitude
| orbit type | altitude km | albedo factor (dimensionless) | debris flux per m2 per year gt 1cm (impacts/m2/year) | drag coefficient typical (dimensionless) | earth IR W per m2 (W/m2) | electron flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | geomagnetic field nT (nT) | max surface temp C sunlit (C) | micrometeoroid flux per m2 per year (impacts/m2/year) | min surface temp C eclipse (C) | notes | parameter type | proton flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | solar constant W per m2 (W/m2) | total ionizing dose rad per year (rad/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEO | 20200 | 0.3 | 0.00001 | 2.2 | 237 | 5,000,000,000 | 20,000 | 130 | 0.0001 | -185 | 20200km GPS MEO orbit (Navstar GPS Block III); TID ~5 krad/year behind 100 mil Al (outer electron belt dominates); electron flux very high E>1MeV ~5e9/cm2/s from outer Van Allen belt; GPS satellites designed for ~15 year lifetime with rad-hard electronics; GNSS medium Earth orbit standard altitude | radiation_debris_thermal | 100,000,000 | 1,361 | 5,000 |
| MEO | 5000 | 0.3 | 0.00001 | 2.2 | 237 | 2,000,000,000 | 30,000 | 130 | 0.0001 | -185 | 5000km MEO; peak proton belt region; TID ~200 krad/year; slot region between belts with very high fluences; most electronics require heavy shielding or rad-hard devices; debris flux near zero (no major operational constellations here) | radiation | 30,000,000,000 | 1,361 | 200,000 |
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