Space Environment Data: interplanetary
Orbital environment parameters for spacecraft and satellite design — radiation doses, particle fluxes, atomic oxygen, neutral density, debris/MMOD flux, thermal environment, and geomagnetic field by orbit type and altitude
| orbit type | altitude km | albedo factor (dimensionless) | drag coefficient typical (dimensionless) | earth IR W per m2 (W/m2) | electron flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | geomagnetic field nT (nT) | max surface temp C sunlit (C) | micrometeoroid flux per m2 per year (impacts/m2/year) | min surface temp C eclipse (C) | notes | parameter type | proton flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | solar constant W per m2 (W/m2) | total ionizing dose rad per year (rad/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| interplanetary | 0 | 0 | 2.2 | 0 | 10,000,000 | 0 | 125 | 0.00015 | -200 | Interplanetary cruise (Earth-Mars typical); TID ~20 krad/year (galactic cosmic rays dominant; no magnetic shielding); solar proton events add episodic doses (Aug 1972 event >10^5 rad in hours unshielded); solar constant increases toward Earth/decreases toward Mars (1414 at 1 AU); Earth albedo and Earth IR = 0; micrometeoroid Grun interplanetary flux 1.5e-4/m2/yr D>1mm; shielding mass optimization critical for deep space | radiation_thermal | 50,000,000 | 1,414 | 20,000 |
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