Space Environment Data: HEO
Orbital environment parameters for spacecraft and satellite design — radiation doses, particle fluxes, atomic oxygen, neutral density, debris/MMOD flux, thermal environment, and geomagnetic field by orbit type and altitude
| orbit type | altitude km | albedo factor (dimensionless) | atomic oxygen flux atoms per cm2 per s (atoms/cm2/s) | debris flux per m2 per year gt 1cm (impacts/m2/year) | drag coefficient typical (dimensionless) | earth IR W per m2 (W/m2) | electron flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | geomagnetic field nT (nT) | max surface temp C sunlit (C) | micrometeoroid flux per m2 per year (impacts/m2/year) | min surface temp C eclipse (C) | neutral density per cm3 (particles/cm3) | notes | parameter type | proton flux per cm2 per s (particles/cm2/s) | solar constant W per m2 (W/m2) | total ionizing dose rad per year (rad/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HEO | 500 | 0.3 | 200,000,000,000,000 | 0.003 | 2.2 | 237 | 100,000 | 48,000 | 120 | 0.0001 | -170 | 200,000,000 | Highly Elliptical Orbit perigee ~500km; values given at perigee; HEO (Molniya/Tundra) spends most time near apogee; passes through radiation belts twice per orbit; TID lower bound estimate for near-polar perigee case; Molniya-type 63.4 deg inclination | radiation_atmosphere_thermal | 500,000 | 1,361 | 300 |
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