Ground Improvement Parameters: vibro_compaction
Design parameters for ground improvement techniques — stone columns, soil mixing, jet grouting, dynamic compaction, vibro-compaction, preloading with PVDs, deep soil mixing, micropiles, and ground freezing — with bearing capacity, settlement reduction, column dimensions, applicable soils, and QC methods
| technique | applicable soil types | QC method | area replacement ratio max (dimensionless) | area replacement ratio min (dimensionless) | bearing capacity increase factor max (dimensionless) | bearing capacity increase factor min (dimensionless) | column diameter m max (m) | column diameter m min (m) | environmental impact | improvement depth max m (m) | liquefaction mitigation | modulus improvement factor max (dimensionless) | modulus improvement factor min (dimensionless) | notes | production rate m per day (m/day) | relative cost | settlement reduction factor max (dimensionless) | settlement reduction factor min (dimensionless) | spacing m max (m) | spacing m min (m) | undrained shear strength gain pct max (percent) | undrained shear strength gain pct min (percent) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vibro_compaction | clean_sand_FC_lt_15pct | CPT_before_after_and_soil_sampling | 0.6 | 0.2 | 5 | 2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | low | 20 | yes | 10 | 5 | Vibroflotation/vibro-compaction; most effective in clean sands (fines content <15%); depth to 20m standard, 30m possible with extension rods; densifies in situ sand to Dr>70-80%; spacing 1.8-4.0m triangular grid; CPT qc increases 3-5x; production 20-30m/day penetration; no column material needed; surface settlement 3-8% of treated depth as sand densifies | 25 | low | 0.8 | 0.4 | 4 | 1.8 | 40 | 15 |
| vibro_compaction | gravelly_sand | CPT_and_relative_density_probes | 0.55 | 0.2 | 4.5 | 2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | low | 18 | yes | 9 | 5 | Gravels reduce vibrator penetration rate and densification efficiency; larger vibrator equipment needed; production slower; effective treatment depth limited by penetration resistance; finer fractions still densified | 20 | low | 0.75 | 0.4 | 3.5 | 1.8 | 35 | 15 |
| vibro_compaction | silty_sand_FC_15_to_30pct | CPT_fines_content_verification | 0.45 | 0.15 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | low | 15 | partial | 6 | 3 | Marginal fines content (15-30%); effectiveness reduces with increasing fines; densification still possible but inefficient; backfill addition may improve column quality; post-treatment CPT verification required; liquefaction mitigation partial - requires larger area replacement ratios | 18 | low | 0.65 | 0.3 | 4 | 2 | 15 | 5 |
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