Binary Phase Diagrams: Mg-Al
Key invariant points and phase boundary data for important binary alloy systems. Covers 10 systems: Fe-C (iron-carbon), Al-Si, Al-Cu, Cu-Zn (brass), Cu-Sn (tin bronze), Pb-Sn (solder), Ni-Cu (complete solid solution), Ti-Al (titanium aluminides), Mg-Al, and Au-Cu. Includes eutectic and eutectoid compositions and temperatures, peritectic reactions, phase solubility limits, solidus/liquidus temperatures, phase names, and engineering significance. Data per ASM Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams 2nd Ed and standard materials science references.
| alloy system | invariant point or boundary | component 1 name | component 2 name | composition 1 wt pct (wt%) | engineering significance | notes | phase alpha | phase beta | phase description | reaction type | temperature C (C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mg-Al | alpha_max_solubility | Al | Mg | 12.7 | Alloys with <12.7%Al can be solution treated; Mg-Al alloys are age-hardenable in principle | AZ91 (9%Al) is below max solubility; can be solution treated at 413°C | alpha_Mg | beta_Mg17Al12 | Maximum Al solubility in Mg-rich alpha at eutectic temperature | phase_boundary | 437 |
| Mg-Al | eutectic | Al | Mg | 32.3 | Basis for Mg-Al alloys AZ31, AZ61, AZ91; beta phase provides strengthening but reduces ductility | AZ91D (9%Al) most common Mg die-cast alloy; beta precipitates at grain boundaries | alpha_Mg | beta_Mg17Al12 | Liquid -> alpha (Mg-rich) + beta (Mg17Al12 intermetallic) at 437°C | eutectic | 437 |
| Mg-Al | room_temp_solvus | Al | Mg | 2 | Large solubility change (12.7% -> 2%) enables precipitation hardening; aging kinetics are slow in Mg | T6 heat treatment effective for AZ alloys; artificial aging at 160-175°C | alpha_Mg | beta_Mg17Al12 | Alpha solvus at room temperature; ~2 wt%Al soluble at 25°C | phase_boundary | 25 |
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