Binary Phase Diagrams: Al-Cu
Key invariant points and phase boundary data for important binary alloy systems. Covers 10 systems: Fe-C (iron-carbon), Al-Si, Al-Cu, Cu-Zn (brass), Cu-Sn (tin bronze), Pb-Sn (solder), Ni-Cu (complete solid solution), Ti-Al (titanium aluminides), Mg-Al, and Au-Cu. Includes eutectic and eutectoid compositions and temperatures, peritectic reactions, phase solubility limits, solidus/liquidus temperatures, phase names, and engineering significance. Data per ASM Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams 2nd Ed and standard materials science references.
| alloy system | invariant point or boundary | component 1 name | component 2 name | composition 1 wt pct (wt%) | engineering significance | notes | phase alpha | phase beta | phase description | reaction type | temperature C (C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al-Cu | alpha_solvus_max | Cu | Al | 5.65 | Defines upper limit for solution heat treatment of 2xxx alloys; must stay below eutectic temperature | Solubility drops to ~0.2% at 25°C; drives precipitation hardening (T6 temper) | alpha_Al | theta_CuAl2 | Maximum copper solubility in alpha-Al at eutectic temperature | phase_boundary | 548 |
| Al-Cu | eutectic | Cu | Al | 33 | 2xxx series wrought Al alloys (2024: 4.4%Cu; 2014: 4.4%Cu) designed below eutectic for precipitation hardening | CuAl2 (theta phase) provides age hardening response; eutectic sometimes cited at 32.7–33.2%Cu | alpha_Al | theta_CuAl2 | Liquid -> alpha-Al + theta (CuAl2); theta is intermetallic compound | eutectic | 548 |
| Al-Cu | peritectic_T | Cu | Al | 14.9 | Minor reaction; not engineering-critical for most 2xxx alloys | T phase is metastable; less important than eutectic reaction | alpha_Al | T_phase | Peritectic reaction involving T phase (Al6Cu) | peritectic | 624 |
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