Dry Bulk Solids: chemical
Flow and physical properties of dry bulk solids for hopper, bin, silo, chute, and conveyor design. Covers grains, aggregates, chemicals, plastics pellets, and biomass. Properties include bulk density (loose/packed), angle of repose, angle of internal friction, Jenike flow factor (ff), Hausner ratio, Carr compressibility index, cohesion class, and moisture sensitivity. Per Jenike Storage and Flow of Solids Bulletin 123, Schulze Powders and Bulk Solids, and CEMA Belt Conveyors.
| material category | material name | angle of internal friction deg (degrees) | angle of repose deg (degrees) | bulk density loose kg m3 (kg/m3) | bulk density packed kg m3 (kg/m3) | carr compressibility index (%) | cohesion class | hausner ratio (dimensionless) | jenike flow factor ff (dimensionless) | moisture sensitivity | notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chemical | activated_carbon | 35 | 30 | 240 | 400 | 40 | cohesive | 1.67 | 3 | low | Activated carbon granules (12x40 mesh); high Hausner and compressibility due to low packing density; fragile |
| chemical | alumina_powder | 38 | 35 | 900 | 1,100 | 18 | slightly_cohesive | 1.22 | 2 | medium | Smelter-grade alumina (Al2O3, 80-150 um D50); abrasive; used in aluminum smelting; moderate flow |
| chemical | ammonium_nitrate_prill | 32 | 30 | 820 | 960 | 17 | free_flowing | 1.17 | 3.8 | high | Agricultural-grade AN prills; hygroscopic — cakes at >50% RH; explosivity classification IIIB |
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