Wastewater Characteristics: landfill_leachate_young to stormwater_urban
Wastewater and leachate constituent concentrations — BOD5, COD, TSS, TKN, ammonia-N, total phosphorus, and pH typical values and ranges by source type (municipal, landfill leachate, stormwater, industrial)
| source type | BOD5 max mg L (mg/L) | BOD5 mg L (mg/L) | BOD5 min mg L (mg/L) | BOD COD ratio (dimensionless) | COD max mg L (mg/L) | COD mg L (mg/L) | COD min mg L (mg/L) | TKN max mg L (mg/L) | TKN mg L (mg/L) | TKN min mg L (mg/L) | TSS max mg L (mg/L) | TSS mg L (mg/L) | TSS min mg L (mg/L) | ammonia N max mg L (mg/L) | ammonia N mg L (mg/L) | ammonia N min mg L (mg/L) | conductivity uS cm (uS/cm) | description | notes | pH max (pH) | pH min (pH) | pH typical (pH) | total phosphorus max mg L (mg/L) | total phosphorus mg L (mg/L) | total phosphorus min mg L (mg/L) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| landfill_leachate_young | 30,000 | 10,000 | 2,000 | 0.5 | 60,000 | 25,000 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 1,500 | 200 | 2,000 | 500 | 200 | 2,000 | 750 | 500 | 10,000 | Active or recent landfill, age < 2 years | Acidogenic phase. High BOD/COD indicates biodegradable organics. Values highly variable by waste composition and climate. | 6.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 100 | 25 | 5 |
| municipal_primary_effluent | 280 | 150 | 75 | 0.44 | 700 | 350 | 175 | 75 | 35 | 18 | 175 | 100 | 40 | 50 | 25 | 12 | 800 | After primary clarification | Primary clarification removes ~30% BOD, ~55% TSS, ~10% TKN, ~0% NH3-N, ~15% TP. | 8 | 6.5 | 7 | 13 | 7 | 3 |
| municipal_raw | 400 | 220 | 110 | 0.44 | 1,000 | 500 | 250 | 85 | 40 | 20 | 350 | 220 | 100 | 50 | 25 | 12 | 800 | Untreated domestic municipal wastewater | Medium-strength domestic wastewater. Min/max correspond to weak/strong classifications. | 8 | 6.5 | 7 | 15 | 8 | 4 |
| municipal_secondary_effluent | 30 | 20 | 5 | 0.25 | 120 | 60 | 30 | 30 | 15 | 3 | 30 | 15 | 5 | 25 | 10 | 1 | 700 | After biological treatment (activated sludge/trickling filter) | Conventional activated sludge without dedicated nutrient removal. Plants with nitrification achieve NH3-N < 2 mg/L. | 8.5 | 6.5 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 2 |
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