Orbital Mechanics: HOHMANN_LEO_GEO to LEO_500KM
Orbital mechanics reference data — gravitational parameters, planetary body properties, standard orbit definitions, and mission delta-V budgets. Covers 8 celestial bodies (Earth, Moon, Mars, Venus, Mercury, Jupiter, Saturn, Sun) and 11 orbit/trajectory types (LEO, MEO, GEO, GTO, Molniya, Hohmann transfers).
| body or orbit | escape velocity km s (km/s) | inclination deg (deg) | mean radius km (km) | notes | orbital period days (days) | orbital velocity km s (km/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LEO_200KM | 11.009 | 0 | 6,571 | Circular orbit 200 km altitude; v = sqrt(mu/r) | 1.471 | 7.784 |
| LEO_400KM | 10.848 | 51.6 | 6,771 | ISS orbit 400 km 51.6 deg inclination; v = sqrt(mu_E/(R_E+h)) | 1.524 | 7.669 |
| LEO_500KM | 10.769 | 97 | 6,871 | Sun-synchronous orbit ~500 km 97 deg; Sentinel/Landsat class | 1.549 | 7.613 |
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