Hazop Guide Words: LATE
HAZOP guide words and deviations — IEC 61882:2016 guide words applied to common process parameters across node types (pipe, vessel, reactor, heat exchanger, pump, compressor, control loop, batch step), with typical causes, consequences, and safeguards
| guide word | deviation key | context | deviation description | likelihood class | node type | process parameter | severity class | typical causes | typical consequences | typical safeguards |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LATE | time#batch_step#general | general | Step or action performed later than scheduled in batch sequence | possible | batch_step | time | moderate | Operator delay; equipment unavailability; instrument failure delaying step trigger; material not available | Reactant accumulation; thermal degradation; product quality loss; extended cycle time; runaway potential from delayed addition | Alarm on step time-out; BMS step timer with alarm; automatic abort procedure if step not completed in time |
| LATE | time#batch_step#heat_up | heat_up | Late heat-up to reaction temperature in batch reactor | possible | batch_step | time | minor | Steam pressure low; steam trap failed; heat exchanger fouling; jacket fouling; large batch volume | Extended processing time; increased energy consumption; potential degradation of heat-sensitive components; economic loss | Batch heat-up timer alarm; temperature profiling; steam pressure indicator; jacket fouling monitoring; SOP for heat-up timeout |
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