Bone Tissue Properties: cortical_bone
Mechanical properties of biological tissues for biomedical engineering and orthopaedic design: cortical bone (longitudinal, transverse, torsion, fatigue), cancellous/trabecular bone (low/medium/high density), articular cartilage (compressive, tensile, shear), fibrocartilage/meniscus, tendon, ligament, intervertebral disc (annulus fibrosus, nucleus pulposus), skin, and arterial wall. Properties include elastic modulus, ultimate tensile/compressive strength, yield strength, ultimate strain, Poisson ratio, and fatigue limit as min/typical/max ranges.
| tissue type | loading direction | elastic modulus GPa max (GPa) | elastic modulus GPa min (GPa) | elastic modulus GPa typical (GPa) | fatigue limit MPa max (MPa) | fatigue limit MPa min (MPa) | fatigue limit MPa typical (MPa) | notes | poisson ratio max (dimensionless) | poisson ratio min (dimensionless) | poisson ratio typical (dimensionless) | tissue description | ultimate compressive strength MPa max (MPa) | ultimate compressive strength MPa min (MPa) | ultimate compressive strength MPa typical (MPa) | ultimate strain pct max (%) | ultimate strain pct min (%) | ultimate strain pct typical (%) | ultimate tensile strength MPa max (MPa) | ultimate tensile strength MPa min (MPa) | ultimate tensile strength MPa typical (MPa) | yield strength MPa max (MPa) | yield strength MPa min (MPa) | yield strength MPa typical (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cortical_bone | longitudinal | 24 | 17 | 20 | 90 | 60 | 75 | Human femoral diaphysis; longitudinal direction (osteon axis aligned); anisotropic with higher stiffness/strength than transverse; loading rate and donor age affect values | 0.32 | 0.26 | 0.29 | Cortical (compact) bone tested along the long axis of the diaphysis | 230 | 170 | 195 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 2 | 170 | 125 | 135 | 151 | 78 | 115 |
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