Boiling Condensation Htc: condensation
Boiling and condensation heat transfer coefficients — pool boiling (nucleate, film, CHF), flow boiling (subcooled, saturated, annular, microchannel), and condensation (filmwise, dropwise, in-tube) correlations and data
| regime | record id | applicability notes | correlation name | fluid | geometry | htc high Wm2K (W/m2K) | htc low Wm2K (W/m2K) | htc typical Wm2K (W/m2K) | orientation | pressure kPa (kPa) | sub regime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| condensation | dropwise#steam#copper_untreated#vertical#101kPa | Dropwise condensation of steam on bare/untreated copper surface; 5-10x higher HTC than filmwise; droplets nucleate renew surface; promoted by low surface energy; highly sensitive to surface contamination and aging | Rose 2002 | steam | copper_untreated | 200,000 | 50,000 | 100,000 | vertical | 101.3 | dropwise |
| condensation | dropwise#steam#gold_coated_surface#vertical#101kPa | Dropwise condensation on gold-coated or promoter-treated surface (oleic acid stearic acid wax); mean HTC ~ 60-150 kW/m2K; promoter degrades over time — sustained dropwise condensation difficult in practice | Rose 2002 / Marto 1988 | steam | gold_coated_surface | 150,000 | 30,000 | 80,000 | vertical | 101.3 | dropwise |
| condensation | filmwise#r134a#horizontal_single_tube_OD19mm#horizontal#770kPa | Film condensation of R-134a on outside of horizontal tube at Tsat=40°C; lower latent heat and viscosity than steam; HTC lower than steam at same geometry; applicable to flooded evaporators | Nusselt 1916 / Honda-Nozu 1987 | r134a | horizontal_single_tube_OD19mm | 15,000 | 3,000 | 6,000 | horizontal | 770 | filmwise |
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